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2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

B. T. BABBITT.

Steam-Boiler.

Patented April 23, 1878.

N4 PETERS. FHOTO-UYHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON O C.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 B. T. BABBITT. Steam-Boiler.

Patented April 23, 1878.

N. PETERS FHOYO-LITHOGRAPMER WASHINGTON n C UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN T. BABBITT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT '|N STEAM-BOILERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 202,689, dated April23, 1878; application filed December 27, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, the undersigned, BEN- JAMIN T. BABBITT, of the city,county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Steam-Boilers, which improvements are fully set forth inthe following specification and accompanying drawings.

My improvements relate to a vertical sectional wrought-ironsteam-boiler, the detailed portions admitting its being constructed inrectangular shape, consequently in most economic form for the spaceoccupied, as compared with cylinder-boilers. The boiler has therefore aproportionate maximum heatin g-surfaoe and power. It is readilydissectible for repairs, removal, or transportation. It has a self-feedfor fuel, is safe against explosion, and easily managed.

My in vention consists in the general construction of the boiler and ofcertain of its detail parts and their combination; also in the use ofheated air in the furnace and mode of supplying it to the fuel andheating gases.

In the drawing, a and a represent four horizontal cylinders, united atthe ends. They constitute the base of the boiler proper, receive theinjected water by the pipe a, and distribute it to theevaporating-surfaces or tubes which they support, carry, and sustain,and, situated below the grate-bars of the furnace, they serve asmud-drums to pocket up sedimentary matters from the water, a beinghand-holes for cleaning.

b b show vertical tubes, flat on one side, and with flanges at thebottom, by which they are strongly bolted to corresponding openings inthe top of a a, closely fitting at their sides, their flat backs formingthe outside of the boilers, the opposite surface being perforated andthreaded to receive the open ends of horizontal tube arms 0 o, theopposite ends of which are strongly closed. These arms have no othersupport or connection, being left free to expand or contract withoutstrain or influence on any part of the boiler.

The upper ends of the tubes b b are also strongly closed. The upper rowof arms 0 and bent pipes d d convey steam to the drums .c e,.to whichtheir opposite ends are attached.

These sectional parts, formed by b and c, are

independent of each other, can be readily removed from the combinedboiler, and, for convenience, are named manifolds, as shown at Fig. 5,and constitute two opposite sides of the boiler, the intervening sidesbeing made up of vertically-placed close-fitting pipes or tubes 9 g,which are secured side by side to corresponding orifices and theirsupporting cylinder bases at and a, to complete the verticalsurroundings of the boiler. The tops of these pipes g g are also closed,and have similar tubes, h h, for conveying steam to the drums e 0.

These described parts constitute the water carrying and steam chambersof the boiler, which is surrounded by a casing or jacket of sheet-ironor other proper material, f f, the sides being extended above the cover,as shown, and which, with a second cover, h, forms a chamber which isheated by a series of transverse flues or smoke-pipes,i i, secured inthe top and bottom plates of the chamber, which is divided into twoparts by the vertical plate j, extending from one side nearly across,leaving an opening at the end. One side of this heating-chamber is cutaway, and across the closed end of the partition 7', one-half being leftopen to the air, the other half being covered by the upper end of avertical fluecasing, 70, extending diagonally across downward to thebottom of the boiler.

The ash-pit has a door directly under the fire-door, as shown at I, bothdoors being connected by a double bent pipe, m, secured at either end toa door, and cut across in the middle horizontally between the doors, asseen. The fire-door is double, with an intervening air-space, the innerplate being perforated, as shown at n, Figs. 2 and 3.

In operation, the air will be drawn through the open space into theheating-chamber, and pass back and around through the divisionopening;thence across to the vertical flue, down which it passes, as shown at oo, and under the boiler to the ash-pit, whence a portion, as heated air,will go up through the grate-bars for consumption of the fuel, and theremainder will pass, by the pipe and perforated door, into the furnaceabove the fuel, to complete the combustion of the gases there.

10 shows a central vertical double cylinder,

with a cone, extending from outside the boiler and above the top, whereit is sustained. and extending downward into the furnace to some twelveor more inches above the grate-bars, upon which, and directly below thecylinder, is fixed an obtuse cone, 1". The cone being removed, the fuelis placed within the cylinder to any depth, at will. The coal will slideaway off the distributing-cone r over the gratebars, and rest untilconsumed, when other fuel will gradually fall from the cylinder, asrequired, and is leveled 011' by the attendant. The bottom of theannular space of this cylinder p is closed, and in use the space isfilled with water in any convenient manner.

The manifolds over the fire-door are cut away, as shown at b, where ashort mud-drum is inserted and secured to take the flanges of thecorresponding tubes that are provided B. T. BABBITT.

Witnesses J. B. HYDE, (Inns. G. HEISER.

